His son Robert was made chief engineer with the first part of the line opening in 1832. See Historic England website [1] Contents 1 General 2 Shipbuilding 3 List of Railway Engines 4 See Also Designed by Reiner Knizia Published by Pegasus Reviewed by Mike Siggins. Stephensons Rocket Gallery Available as Prints and Gift Items. By this theory, the name of the Geordie Lamp attached to the North East pit men themselves. [7] On an early trade card, Robert Stephenson & Co was described as "Engineers, Millwrights & Machinists, Brass & Iron Founders". Stephenson's coal mine delivered the first rail cars of coal into Leicester dramatically reducing the price of coal and saving the city some 40,000 per annum. Within a few years of his death in 1848 George Stephenson was called the father of the railways, but that accolade has been challenged because there were other engineers involved in the development of the worlds first railway system. Many of the first American railroad builders came to Newcastle to learn from Stephenson and the first dozen or so locomotives utilised there were purchased from the Stephenson shops. God what would Ower George have given to have a copy of Solidworks ? The success of Stockton and Darlington railway multiplied Stephenson's fame by manifolds. It was the twentieth locomotive built by Stephenson, being built immediately after Rocket. For the Stockton and Darlington Railway Stephenson used wrought-iron malleable rails that he had found satisfactory, notwithstanding the financial loss he suffered by not using his own patented design. He used a combination of gravity on downward inclines and locomotives for level and upward stretches. London, at the works of Robert Stephenson & Co, the same firm that made the original locomotive in 1829, Darlington, County Durham, 1935 (b/w . He was chosen as the chief engineer for the Liverpool and Manchester Railways. In 1821 he heard of a project for a railroad, employing draft horses, to be built from Stockton to Darlington to facilitate exploitation of a rich vein of coal. [29] The Stephenson Railway Museum in North Shields is named after George and Robert Stephenson. The 25-mile (40km) railway connected collieries near Bishop Auckland to the River Tees at Stockton, passing through Darlington on the way. The experience gave Stephenson a lifelong distrust of London-based, theoretical, scientific experts.[7]. This exhibition will open on 26 September and will tell the story of the first 100 years of railway models. [19][pageneeded]. $14.34. STEPHENSON'S Rocket will join legends of the steam age such as Mallard and Flying Scotsman this autumn as the historic locomotive goes on long term display at the National Railway Museum in York. The child died after just three weeks and was buried in St Bartholomew's Church, Long Benton north of Newcastle. [16] He concluded that railways should be kept as level as possible. Pounds banknote, 1990-2003, reverse, the Rocket steam locomotive and . . Other locomotives include: 1817-1848 The Duke for the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway Stockton and Darlington Railway Birmingham, Cardiff, Darlington, Edinburgh, London, Salford. By 1830 Stephenson's new locomotive, the Rocket, which could achieve a speed of 36 miles per hour, was operating on the Liverpool and Manchester . Moving such a significant but fragile object from its temporary home at the Museum of Science and Industry is not straightforward and requires a large team and careful planning. Self-charging trains backed by Department for Transport. The model is based on a full-size stationary winding engine that would have been used on the Stockton and Darlington Railway to haul coal wagons up steep hills. 'Locomotion no 1', built for the Stockton & Darlington Railway company by Robert Stephenson & Co., departed from here on 27th September, 1825 at a speed of 6-8 mph, pulling 36 wagons carrying ~300 fare-paying passengers (plus many more who had jumped aboard) - and with Robert's father George at the controls. According to Rolt, Stephenson managed to solve the problem caused by the weight of the engine on the primitive rails. Heroes of All Time series. The parade was led by Northumbrian driven by George Stephenson, and included Phoenix driven by his son Robert, North Star driven by his brother Robert and Rocket driven by assistant engineer Joseph Locke. Robert was responsible for the detailed design of Rocket, although he was in constant postal communication with his father, who made many suggestions. Get 5 free searches. Such was the effect that railroad . Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In his book George and Robert Stephenson, the author L.T.C. It was given to the Patent Office Museum in London in 1862, which later became the South Kensington Museum and much of their collection was taken over by the National Science Museum. . He became an expert in steam-driven machinery.[7]. It was built for and won the Rainhill Trials of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR), held in October 1829 to show that improved locomotives would be more efficient than stationary steam engines. The Stockton and Darlington Railway opened on 27 September 1825. The Stockton to Darlington line was the world's first passenger railway. Robert died in 1859 having no children. Stephenson had ascertained by experiments at Killingworth that half the power of the locomotive was consumed by a gradient as little as 1 in 260. George Stephenson moved to the parish of Alton Grange (now part of Ravenstone) in Leicestershire in 1830, originally to consult on the Leicester and Swannington Railway, a line primarily proposed to take coal from the western coal fields of the county to Leicester. He was becoming a respected figure and in 1821 he persuaded a businessman who was planning a horse-drawn railway from Stockton-on-Tees to Darlington in County Durham to order a steam locomotive for the line. As chief engineer on the L&MR, the elder Stephenson was fully engaged in surveying and then constructing what was then one of the most audacious infrastructure projects yet undertaken. Stephenson's locomotive 'Rocket' was . The first purpose-built passenger car, Experiment, was attached and carried dignitaries on the opening journey. By this time he had settled into semi-retirement, supervising his mining interests in Derbyshire tunnelling for the North Midland Railway revealed coal seams, and Stephenson put money into their exploitation. Former workers at the Orchard House Foods factory in Gateshead are panicking about how they will afford to keep the lights on this Christmas after redundancy payments were 'delayed' at the last minute He experimented with a steam spring (to 'cushion' the weight using steam pressure acting on pistons to support the locomotive frame), but soon followed the practice of 'distributing' weight by using a number of wheels or bogies. Stephenson told Pease that a steam engine could pull 50 times the load that horses could draw on iron rails. The famous engine will travel by road in a special protective crate and the engines chimney will have to be removed and carefully reattached before the exhibition opens to the public. In all, Stephenson built sixteen different engines. She was buried in the same churchyard as their daughter on 16 May 1806, though the location of the grave is lost. Find Stephenson's Rocket stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. George Stephenson, with his work on the Stockton and Darlington Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, paved the way for the railway engineers who followed, such as his son Robert, his assistant Joseph Locke who carried out much work on his own account and Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Chesterfield Museum in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, has a gallery of Stephenson memorabilia, including straight thick glass tubes he invented for growing straight cucumbers. Impressed, Pease agreed to let Stephenson equip his line. Das Getty Images Design ist eine eingetragene Marke von Getty Images. He never went to school, but at 18 he was teaching himself to read and write (though writing would never be his strong suit) and was also getting basic tuition in arithmetic. A milestone in transportation was reached on July 25th, 1814. 1556332. Check out our stephenson rocket selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. The train averaged a speed of 21 km/h and achieved a maximum speed of 34.4 km/h. Realizing this, he made a point of educating his son Robert in a private school, where he was taught to speak in Standard English with a Received Pronunciation accent. Anthony Coulls, Senior Curator at the National Railway Museum, said: Rocket was not the first steam engine, but it is certainly one of the most significant and it combined all the technological innovations available at the time to create one engine that was faster and more reliable than anything seen before. Robert Stephenson's 0-2-2 locomotive 'Rocket', made by Robert Stephenson & Co., Newcastle upon Tyne, England, 1829. The standard gauge used throughout much of the world is due to him. This is not a toy and is unsuitable for young children. His son Robert was born on 16 October 1803. Robert was the fireman for Wylam Colliery pumping engine, earning a very low wage, so there was no money for schooling. Dampflokomotive Rocket (1829) Das Verdienst Stephensons ist, die damals bereits vorhandenen Erfindungen, wie Rauchrohrkessel, Feuerbchse, Blasrohr und Kuppelstange, so verbessert und kombiniert zu haben, dass erstmals wirklich leistungsfhige Dampflokomotiven entstanden und die weltweite Ausdehnung der Eisenbahn eingeleitet werden konnte . Comments have been closed on this article. A six-wheeled locomotive was built for the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway in 1817 but was withdrawn from service because of damage to the cast-iron rails. The first covers the period 1823 to 1902 . HP10 9TY. The speed of progress, however, meant that the Rocket was substantially rebuilt within 18 months and laid aside within 10 years. There in 1814 he built a locomotive called Blucher (often spelled Blutcher) in honour of the Prussian general, which could haul eight waggons loaded with 30 tons of coal at a speed of four miles per hour. George's son Robert had been working in South America from 1824 to 1827 and returned to run the Forth Street Works while George was in Liverpool overseeing the construction of the line. He worked at various other collieries in the area in the early 1800s, including the one at Killingworth north of Newcastle, and developed such skill with engines that in 1812 he was appointed engine wright, or chief mechanic, at Killingworth. George Stephenson (9 June 1781 - 12 August 1848) was a British civil engineer and mechanical engineer. Following the success of the Stockton & Darlington Railway in 1825, the cities of Liverpool and Manchester decided to build a 40-mile (64-km) steam-operated line connecting them. He worked on the North Midland line from Derby to Leeds, the York and North Midland line from Normanton to York, the Manchester and Leeds, the Birmingham and Derby, the Sheffield and Rotherham among many others.[7]. The bridge is still in use at Rainhill station, and carries traffic on the A57 (Warrington Road). 4.7 out of 5 stars 19 ratings. Driven by Stephenson, Locomotion hauled an 80-ton load of coal and flour nine miles (14km) in two hours, reaching a speed of 24 miles per hour (39 kilometres per hour) on one stretch. But joking aside, yes, the games obviously share the same . Alongside Rocket, highlights of the Brass, Steel and Fire exhibition include the worlds oldest working model steam engine made in 1836 by Thomas Greener, aged just 16 years old. Realising the potential and need for the rail link Stephenson himself invested 2,500 and raised the remaining capital through his network of connections in Liverpool. The first purpose-built passenger car, dubbed Experiment, was attached, and carried dignitaries on the opening journey. The rocket is 186 years old. [21], On 11 January 1848,[22] at St John's Church in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, George married for the third time, to Ellen Gregory, another farmer's daughter originally from Bakewell in Derbyshire, who had been his housekeeper. The railway age had begun and George Stephenson was its guiding spirit. As a subscriber, you are shown 80% less display advertising when reading our articles. Rocket was the only locomotive to successfully complete the Trials, achieving a then remarkable top speed of 30 mph and securing the engines place in history. Organisieren, kontrollieren, verteilen und messen Sie alle Ihre digitalen Inhalte. It was founded as part of the construction of the Stockton and Darlington Railway. Pease intended to use horse traction. This, the first railway using no animal power, opened in 1822. Father or midwife, George Stephenson rose to fame from humble beginnings. The day was marred by the death of William Huskisson, the Member of Parliament for Liverpool, who was struck by Rocket. In the early days of the railways, engineers would make small but mechanically accurate models of new locomotives to test their designs before constructing full-size versions. The Rocket was designed and. If you are dissatisfied with the response provided you can Abroad, Robert was involved in the AlexandriaCairo railway that later connected with the Suez Canal. Also named after him and his son is George Stephenson High School in Killingworth, Stephenson Memorial Primary School in Howdon, the Stephenson Railway Museum in North Shields and the Stephenson Locomotive Society. Transporting Rocket just 70 miles from Manchester to York and the installation will take four days and will be overseen by a team of conservators. Together with William Losh, Stephenson improved the design of cast-iron edge rails to reduce breakage; rails were briefly made by Losh, Wilson and Bell at their Walker ironworks. Before Rocket: The Steam Locomotive Up to 1829 by Dawson, Anthony Book The Fast. In 1821 George Stephenson, who had built several steam engines to work in the Killingworth colliery, heard of Edward Pease 's intention of building an 8-mile (12.9-km) line from Stockton on the coast to Darlington to exploit a rich vein of coal. Browse 456 stephensons rocket stock photos and images available or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Vergrern Sie die Reichweite Ihrer Marke authentisch und teilen Sie Markeninhalte mit Kreativen im Internet. After success at the Rainhill Trials in the same year, the engine. The Stephenson lamp was used almost exclusively in North East England, whereas the Davy lamp was used everywhere else. Check out our stephenson's rockets selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. Stephenson designed his first locomotive in 1814, a travelling engine designed for hauling coal on the Killingworth wagonway named Blcher after the Prussian general Gebhard Leberecht von Blcher (It was suggested the name sprang from Blcher's rapid march of his army in support of Wellington at Waterloo). of 8. [9], Cornishman Richard Trevithick is credited with the first realistic design for a steam locomotive in 1802. Harry Turtledove's alternate history short story "The Iron Elephant" depicts a race between a newly invented steam engine and a mammoth-drawn train in 1782. Select from premium Stephensons Rocket of the highest quality. The statue was sculpted in 1862 by John Graham Lough and is listed Grade II. It wasn't the first or the most important steam locomotive, but Stephenson's Rocket has become an undisputed engineering classic. Designed by George and Robert Stephenson, Rocket's win proved that steam powered locomotives were better at pulling trains than horses or stationary winding engines and that locomotives engines were suitable for widespread use. Bonhams : STEPHENSON'S ROCKET - Autograph letter signed by John Dixon, George Stephenson's Resident Engineer on the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, to his brother, devoted to description of the Rainhill Trials, 1829 Previous Lot Next Lot Lot 144 STEPHENSON'S ROCKET Sold for 8,125 (US$ 9,011) inc. premium follow Designed by George and Robert Stephenson and built in 1829, Rocket is one of the UK's most historically significant objects. George made shoes and mended clocks to supplement his income. Stephenson's face is shown alongside an engraving of the Rocket steam engine and the Skerne Bridge on the Stockton to Darlington Railway.[35]. George and Fanny married at Newburn Church on 28 November 1802. Rolt relates that opinion varied about the two lamps' efficiency: that the Davy Lamp gave more light, but the Geordie Lamp was thought to be safer in a more gaseous atmosphere. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The Stockton and Darlington Railway opened on 27 September 1825. This Stephenson engineering family is not to be confused with the lighthouse-building engineering family of Robert Stevenson, which was active in the same era. Judith McNicol, Director of the National Railway Museum, said: Rocket will join the museum as a potent symbol of what can be achieved through STEM and it will inspire new generations of visitors to pursue their own futures in engineering. Stephenson was hired to build an 8-mile (13-km) Hetton colliery railway in 1820. [17] It required the structure to be constructed as two flat planes (overlapping in this case by 6ft (1.8m)) between which the stonework forms a parallelogram shape when viewed from above. Mit unserem einfachen Abonnement erhalten Sie Zugriff auf die besten Inhalte von Getty Images und iStock . They had two children Robert (1803) and Fanny (1805) but the latter died within months. He was the main inventor of the railroad locomotive. George realised the value of education and paid to study at night school to learn reading, writing and arithmetic he was illiterate until the age of 18. This was the first outing of the worlds first public passenger steam train. For the higher speeds of the, Recent scholarship holds that Stephenson's, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSmiles1862 (, The Life of George & Robert Stephenson by Samuel Smile 1857, Samuel Smiles disputes this account, saying that Miss Hindmarsh's brother assured him that she didn't meet him before 1818 or 1819. Robert Stephenson and Company was founded in 1823 and was the first company established to specifically build railway engines. [1] Renowned as the "Father of Railways",[2] Stephenson was considered by the Victorians a great example of diligent application and thirst for improvement. Their first child Robert was born in 1803, and in 1804 they moved to Dial Cottage at West Moor, near Killingworth where George worked as a brakesman at Killingworth Pit. It also has shares (not a lot of those in DdW) and it has a fixed map (interestingly without Stockton or Darlington, but with Liverpool and Manchester). I am very excited at the prospect of displaying Stephensons original Rocket at the National Railway Museum alongside the models of Brass, Steel and Fire which will bring the story of the railways and engineering alive for our visitors.. 730 Stephenson's Rocket Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images FILTERS CREATIVE EDITORIAL VIDEO steam engine 730 Stephenson's Rocket Premium High Res Photos Browse 730 stephenson's rocket stock photos and images available, or search for steam engine to find more great stock photos and pictures. The bill was rejected and a revised bill for a new alignment was submitted and passed in a subsequent session. . This website and associated newspapers adhere to the Independent Press Standards Organisation's His forward thinking enabled the significant expansion of railways during the 'railway mania' of the mid nineteenth century. The technique, which results in a spiral effect in the arch masonry, provides extra strength in the arch to compensate for the angled abutments.[18]. Several local men were inspired by this, and designed their own engines. Stephenson also built the world's first public railways. It will also represent one of the first signs that our ambitious Vision 2025 plan to transform the museum is becoming a reality.. The day started with a procession of eight trains setting out from Liverpool. Profitieren Sie von der globalen Reichweite, datengesttzten Erkenntnissen und einem Netzwerk von ber 340.000 Content-Anbietern von Getty Images, die exklusiv fr Ihre Marke Inhalte erstellen. Wrought-iron rails could be produced in longer lengths than cast-iron and were less liable to crack under the weight of heavy locomotives. Pioneered by Stephenson, rail transport was one of the most important technological inventions of the 19th century and a key component of the Industrial Revolution. On 29 March 1820, George (now considerably wealthier) married Betty Hindmarsh at Newburn. Of those identified, most were built for use at Killingworth or for the Hetton colliery railway. At 17, Stephenson became an engineman at Water Row Pit in Newburn nearby. . In 1815, aware of the explosions often caused in mines by naked flames, Stephenson began to experiment with a safety lamp that would burn in a gaseous atmosphere without causing an explosion. Stephenson was portrayed by actor Gawn Grainger on television in the 1985 Doctor Who serial The Mark of the Rani.[36]. Stephenson evacuated the injured Huskisson to Eccles with a train, but he died from his injuries. The marriage seems to have been happy, but there were no children and Betty died on 3 August 1845. Thomas became an engineer after working as an apprentice at Shildon Works under Timothy Hackworth. Also relatives connected by his marriage live in Derbyshire. By 1830 Stephensons new locomotive, the Rocket, which could achieve a speed of 36 miles per hour, was operating on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway in Lancashire with other iron horses built in the factory he had now opened in Newcastle. Driven by Stephenson, Locomotion hauled an 80-ton load of coal and flour nine miles in two hours, reaching a speed of 24 miles per hour on one stretch. By 1866 any native of Newcastle upon Tyne could be called a Geordie. It was due to this, in their future dealings with Parliament, that it became clear that the authorities preferred Robert to his father. Cylinders. Dial Cottage at West Moor, his home from 1804, remains but the museum that once operated here is shut.[31][32]. He used a combination of gravity on downward inclines and locomotives for level and upward stretches. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Stockton-and-Darlington-Railway, Spartacus Educational - Stockton and Darlington Railway, railroad: The Stockton and Darlington Railway. George Stephenson's daughter was born in 1805 but died within weeks of her birth. Others followed his lead and Christian Wolmar in his book The Great Railway Revolution suggests that Stephenson, who had a talent for improving other peoples ideas, was not so much the father of the railways as their midwife. To remain viable, it relocated to a new factory at Darlington, opened in October 1902. This was the first steam-powered locomotive to run on a railroad as well as the most successful working steam engine that had ever been constructed up to this period. A Gannett Company. Stephenson's Rocket is an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement. Rocket joins legends of the steam age such as Mallard and Flying Scotsman as the historic locomotive goes on long-term display at the National Railway Museum in York. The most likely crossword and word puzzle answers for the clue of Who Built The Stockton And Darlington Railway Which Opened In 1825 . When the horseman was out of the way, Stephenson opened the throttle and pulled his train of wagons carrying 450 persons at a speed of 15 miles (24 km) per hour. Stephenson's son, Robert, designed the Rocket, which is currently on display in Manchester and due to find its permanent home at the National Railway Museum. Stephenson's Rocket is widely acclaimed as the world's first modern steam locomotive, constructed with many components that became standard on all future designs until the coming of the diesel in the early 20th century. For the first time in 20 years, the locomotive will travel to York to complete the final leg of a national tour of UK museums organised by the Science Museum Group. contact IPSO here, 2001-2022. The Stephenson Centre, an SEBD Unit of Beaumont Hill School in Darlington, is named after him. The new engines were too heavy to run on wooden rails or plate-way, and iron edge rails were in their infancy, with cast iron exhibiting excessive brittleness. At this time Robert Stephensons had built 4,155 engines and Hawthorns a further 2,783. After a few months he returned, probably because his father was blinded in a mining accident. This article is about the English engineer. He was born at Wylam in Northumberland in 1781, the son of illiterate working-class parents. Not content with that, he soon dramatically improved the engines steam system to give it greater pulling power. [7], The rails used for the line were wrought-iron, produced by John Birkinshaw at the Bedlington Ironworks. Brass, Steel and Fire marks Rocket's return to the National Railway Museum after a lengthy absence, giving you the chance to get up close to one of the most important objects of the modern age. The business outgrew the space in this area. Seven months after his wedding, George contracted pleurisy and died, aged 67, at noon on 12 August 1848 at Tapton House in Chesterfield, Derbyshire. Pease intended to use horse traction. 49.50 An attractive wooden model kit ready to be built of Stephenson's Rocket. As a result, many priceless models of historically important engines remain, despite the full-size originals being lost to history. Pre-owned but in excellent condition. It was the first company set up specifically to build railway engines. The model is based on a full-size stationary winding engine that would have been used on the Stockton and Darlington Railway to haul coal wagons up steep hills. [14], In 1821, a parliamentary bill was passed to allow the building of the Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR). [24][25][26][27] The centenary of George's birth was celebrated in 1881 at Crystal Palace by 15,000 people,[28] and it was George who was featured on the reverse of the Series E five pound note issued by the Bank of England between 1990 and 2003. The first covers the period 1823 to 1902, when the works were in the Forth Banks industrial area of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was the second child of Robert and Mabel Stephenson,[3] neither of whom could read or write. Stephenson's new engine, the Rocket, which he built with his son, Robert, won with a speed of 36 miles per hour. All professionally made for Quick Shipping. This locomotive played an important role in the development and adoption of narrow-gauge railways around the world. Find Stephensons Rocket stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. Stephenson's Rocket. For example, rather than the West Coast Main Line taking the direct route favoured by Joseph Locke over Shap between Lancaster and Carlisle, Stephenson was in favour of a longer sea-level route via Ulverston and Whitehaven. The achievement encouraged the inventor to try further experiments. Robert Stephenson's world-famous Rocket locomotive is to be hidden from public view at the National Railway Museum for 18 months. Stephenson's Rocket is an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement. Stephenson tended to be more casual in estimating costs and paperwork in general. In 1825 the engine, later called Locomotion, took 450 people 25 miles from Darlington to Stockton at 15 miles per hour. Contents 1 Biography 2 Technical Details 2.1 Livery 3 Appearances 4 Voice Actors 5 Trivia 6 Gallery 6.1 The Railway Series 6.1.1 Main Series 6.1.2 Miscellaneous 6.2 Thomas & Friends 6.2.1 Miscellaneous The world-changing locomotive which kick-started a golden era of innovation. Later, he visited Tyneside and built an engine there for a mine-owner. At the event a full-size working replica of the Rocket was on show, which then spent two days on public display at the Chesterfield Market Festival. With the Stockton & Darlington's successful enterprise, a railway was soon considered to connect Liverpool and Manchester. Britain led the world in the development of railways which acted as a stimulus for the Industrial Revolution by facilitating the transport of raw materials and manufactured goods. Find Stephensons Rocket stock photos and editorial news pictures from Getty Images. George Stephenson College, founded in 2001 on the University of Durham's Queen's Campus in Stockton-on-Tees, is named after him. George Stephenson became the most famous name in the history of railways. Hier knnen Sie Inhalte sammeln, auswhlen und Anmerkungen zu Ihren Dateien hinterlegen. Here's a lovely STUNNING LARGE PICTORIAL Old Darlington Mineral Waters Old Bottle. [1] Renowned as the "Father of Railways", [2] Stephenson was considered by the Victorians a great example of diligent application and thirst for improvement. [11] Another locomotive was supplied to Scott's Pit railroad at Llansamlet, near Swansea, in 1819 but it too was withdrawn, apparently because it was under-boilered and again caused damage to the track.[12]. George Stephenson George Harrap & Company LTD., London, 1920. George Stephenson was an English engineer . Altogether, Stephenson is said to have produced 16 locomotives at Killingworth,[7] although it has not proved possible to produce a convincing list of all 16. It cemented the advantages of steam locomotion as a means of carrying passengers and freight to railway builders around the world. Employing a previously used method of mining in the midlands called tubbing to access the deep coal seams, his success could not have been greater. The influence of the original plan for the railway for use by horse and cart influenced George's use of what was to become known as 'standard gauge'. Alternatively this model can be attached to a separate battery drive. His last home in Tapton, Chesterfield is now part of Chesterfield College and is called Tapton House Campus. In 1821, Stephenson was appointed engineer for the construction of the Stockton and Darlington railway. . Great blue print, a very attractive bottle with the representation of a Stephenson's Rocket as the trade mark, which was an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement. The gauge Stephenson chose for the line was 4feet 8+12inches (1,435mm) which subsequently was adopted as the standard gauge for railways, not only in Britain, but throughout the world.[7]. Which engineer built 'The Rocket' steam locomotive in 1829 and the Liverpool and . Eight locomotives were used when the . [4] In 1802 he married Frances Henderson and moved to Willington Quay, east of Newcastle. [7] For more information, visit https://www.railwaymuseum.org.uk/whats-on/brass-steel-and-fire or visit the Science Museum Group collections website here which includes an interactive 3D model of the original Rocket. Brass, Steel and Fire will open at the National Railway Museum on 26 September and will be free to enter. Pease and Stephenson had jointly established a company in Newcastle to manufacture locomotives. [15] In September 1825 the works at Forth Street, Newcastle completed the first locomotive for the railway: originally named Active, it was renamed Locomotion and was followed by Hope, Diligence and Black Diamond. In 1833 a House of Commons committee found that Stephenson had equal claim to having invented the safety lamp. Descendants of the wider Stephenson family continue to live in Wylam (Stephenson's birthplace) today. contact the editor here. Stephenson's Rocket represented a substantial technical advance over previous designs, bringing together in one machine such developments as the multi-tube boiler and the blast-pipe. [citation needed] He was the first president of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers on its formation in 1847. Updates? In 1806 George's wife Frances died of consumption (tuberculosis). [7] The method he used was similar to that used by John Metcalf who constructed many miles of road across marshes in the Pennines, laying a foundation of heather and branches, which became bound together by the weight of the passing coaches, with a layer of stones on top. The museum is in the Stephenson Memorial Hall[33] not far from both Stephenson's final home at Tapton House and Holy Trinity Church within which is his vault. Highly collectible. The exhibition also features a very early example of a working toy engine named Pilot. George Stephenson had two children. It was this that made Blucher the first fully effective steam railway locomotive. 1 was the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825. This type of engine was nicknamed a dribbler because they often left a trail of hot water or flammable spirits in their wake. Ruth Maxwell M.A. It opened in 1825 and was the first public railway. It was set up as Robert Stephenson and Company, and George's son Robert was the managing director. He moved back into a cottage at West Moor and his unmarried sister Eleanor moved in to look after Robert. The 26 mile line of the Stockton & Darlington Railway opened for traffic on 27th September 1825, running Locomotion No1, built at Robert Stephenson & Co in Newcastle. Stephenson's profile is carved in the facade of Lisbon's victorian railway station. During this same period the Snibston estate in Leicestershire came up for auction, it lay adjoining the proposed Swannington to Leicester route and was believed to contain valuable coal reserves. This was the first outing of the world's first public passenger steam train. Stephenson was farsighted in realising that the individual lines being built would eventually be joined, and would need to have the same gauge. In 1821 George Stephenson, who had built several steam engines to work in the Killingworth colliery, heard of Edward Peases intention of building an 8-mile (12.9-km) line from Stockton on the coast to Darlington to exploit a rich vein of coal. See the moving model here using the turn handle method. Winter idling of car engines creates high carbon cost. . In 2018 to share Rocket with a wider audience, the Science Museum Group announced that the historic locomotive would go on a national tour of significant locations with a strong connection to the engines story. The engine then went on display at the Science and Industry Museum in Manchester which is based on the site of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Their second child, a daughter, was born in July 1805. He made reference to an incident at Oaks Colliery in Barnsley where both lamps were in use. [ii] Blcher was modelled on Matthew Murray's locomotive Willington, which George studied at Kenton and Coxlodge colliery on Tyneside, and was constructed in the colliery workshop behind Stephenson's home, Dial Cottage, on Great Lime Road. The next ten years were the busiest of Stephenson's life as he was besieged with requests from railway promoters. 8.50. Designed by George and Robert Stephenson and built in 1829, Rocket is one of the UKs most historically significant objects. Entries could weigh no more than six tons and had to travel along the track for a total distance of 60 miles (97km). Another model of Stirling Single was made by Henry Wood, the father of Sir Henry Wood who is now famous for having founded the Proms. When finished it can be made to move by turning the handle. Choose from 16 pictures in our Stephensons Rocket collection for your Wall Art or Photo Gift. [30], George Stephenson's Birthplace is an 18th-century historic house museum in the village of Wylam, and is operated by the National Trust. Locke's route was built. A month before Davy presented his design to the Royal Society, Stephenson demonstrated his own lamp to two witnesses by taking it down Killingworth Colliery and holding it in front of a fissure from which firedamp was issuing. Stephenson's Rocket close up About Rocket Rocket was built to run on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first inter-city passenger railway line. The exhibition also includes the model Invicta a near contemporary of Rocket, made in the Stephenson works by Edward Fletcher who later rose to become Chief Mechanical Engineer of the North Eastern Railway. (8.7 mi), between Stockton and Darlington. We want our comments to be a lively and valuable part of our community - a place where readers can debate and engage with the most important local issues. Stephenson went on to devise an improved type of railway track and he built more locomotives for Killingworth and other collieries. The most significant change came with Robert Stephenson's innovative Rocket, the locomotive that set the . Rocket joins legends of the steam age such as Mallard and Flying Scotsman as the historic locomotive goes on long-term display at the National Railway Museum in York. Her father refused marriage because of Stephenson's lowly status as a miner. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Stephenson became famous, and was offered the position of chief engineer for a wide variety of other railways. It is a thing of beauty, designed by Robert Stephenson and it was the winner at the Rainhill Trials when five . In Liverpool, where he lived at 34 Upper Parliament Street, a City of Liverpool Heritage Plaque is situated next to the front door. This line used a gauge of 4ft8in (1,422mm) which Stephenson had used before at the Killingworth wagonway. George first courted Elizabeth (Betty) Hindmarsh, a farmer's daughter from Black Callerton, whom he met secretly in her orchard. Described by Rolt as a generous man, Stephenson financially supported the wives and families of several who had died in his employment, due to accident or misadventure, some within his family, and some not. George also built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use locomotives, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which opened in 1830. For his invention Davy was awarded 2,000, whilst Stephenson was accused of stealing the idea from Davy,[8] because he was not seen as an adequate scientist who could have produced the lamp by any approved scientific method. [34], From 1990 until 2003, Stephenson's portrait appeared on the reverse of Series E 5 notes issued by the Bank of England. He was also a keen gardener throughout his life; during his last years at Tapton House, he built hothouses in the estate gardens, growing exotic fruits and vegetables in a 'not too friendly' rivalry with Joseph Paxton, head gardener at nearby Chatsworth House, twice beating the master of the craft. It's there that the locomotive remained until 2018. [7], The opening ceremony of the L&MR, on 15 September 1830, drew luminaries from the government and industry, including the Prime Minister, the Duke of Wellington. . The ability to comment on our stories is a privilege, not a right, however, and that privilege may be withdrawn if it is abused or misused. 10.5in x 18in. Brass, Steel and Fire is kindly supported by Hornbeam Park Developments and players of the Peoples Postcode Lottery. George Stephenson (9 June 1781 12 August 1848) was a British civil engineer and mechanical engineer. [7], Despite Stephenson's loss of some routes to competitors due to his caution, he was offered more work than he could cope with, and was unable to accept all that was offered. Free delivery for many products! Despite his lack of scientific knowledge, Stephenson, by trial and error, devised a lamp in which the air entered via tiny holes, through which the flames of the lamp could not pass. Stephenson's estimates and organising ability proved inferior to those of Locke and the board's dissatisfaction led to Stephenson's resignation causing a rift between them which was never healed. Rocket revealed. Stephenson realising the financial potential of the site, given its proximity to the proposed rail link and the fact that the manufacturing town of Leicester was then being supplied coal by canal from Derbyshire, bought the estate. Once at York, Rocket will be displayed in a purpose-built room in Station Hall alongside the museums collection of royal carriages and part of the new exhibition Brass, Steel and Fire. On September 27, 1825, the first engine ran from Darlington to Stockton, preceded by a man on horseback carrying a flag reading Periculum privatum utilitas publica (The private danger is the public good). After success at the Rainhill Trials in the same year, the engine operated on the worlds first inter-city passenger railway in 1830. Editors' Code of Practice. stephenson's locomotive for the stockton and darlington railway, published 1877 - stephenson's rocket stock illustrations. Out of stock It was the first railway using no animal power. 30 2 to 4 players 60-80 minutes . George Stephenson was born on 9 June 1781 in Wylam, Northumberland, which is 9 miles (15km) west of Newcastle upon Tyne. 40psi. Other models include prototype model Topsy on loan from the Ffestiniog Railway in Wales. ISBN 978 095 3516 209. With the recent completion of the Stockton & Darlington Railway, and the establishment of locomotive manufacturer, Robert Stephenson & Company in Newcastle, locomotive traction was becoming commonplace in northeastern England. Note the spelling difference. The company was formed when Robert Stephenson and Co in Darlington took over the locomotive building department of R. and W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Co in Newcastle. There he worked as a brakesman while they lived in one room of a cottage. 2022 Getty Images. His father worked in the Wylam colliery and so did young George from his early teens. The two designs differed; Davy's lamp was surrounded by a screen of gauze, whereas Stephenson's prototype lamp had a perforated plate contained in a glass cylinder. This included a visit to the Discovery Museum in Newcastle, the city where Rocket was built, as part of the Great Exhibition of the North. [citation needed], A local committee of enquiry gathered in support of Stephenson, exonerated him, proved he had been working separately to create the 'Geordie Lamp', and awarded him 1,000, but Davy and his supporters refused to accept their findings, and would not see how an uneducated man such as Stephenson could come up with the solution he had. Stephenson, having come from the North-East, spoke with a broad Northumberland accent and not the 'Language of Parliament,' which made him seem lowly. Stephenson's Rocket Pewter Model (pre-owned) 8.50 Royal Hampshire Stephenson's Rocket pewter model, 5.5cm long excluding track, on a base 10cm long. The original 1829 steam locomotive Stephenson's Rocket can be seen from today at the National Railway Museum's new Brass, Steel and Fire exhibition. The World's First Locomotive Factory has been published by The Robert Stephenson Trust to coincide with and commemorate the bicentenary of the founding of Robert Stephenson & Co in 1823. George's wife died, probably of tuberculosis, the year after. The bridge is a listed structure. [6] He did so with such success that he was promoted to enginewright for the collieries at Killingworth, responsible for maintaining and repairing all the colliery engines. Stockton & Darlington Locomotion No.1 - 1825 Diecast 1:76 Scale Locomotive Model (Amercom OO-41) 3.2 out of 5 stars . It was built for, and won, the Rainhill Trials held by the Liverpool & Manchester Railway in 1829 to choose the best design to power the railway. Some descendants later emigrated to Perth, Australia, with later generations remaining to this day. 73,000 - 117,800. Valve Gear. The promoters of the line Mr William Stenson and Mr John Ellis, had difficulties in raising the necessary capital as the majority of local wealth had been invested in canals. The Stephensons' Rocket won against three rivals, including an entry by John Ericsson, who later designed an armoured vessel called the Monitor for the federal forces during the American Civil War. Millionen hochwertiger Bilder, Videos und Musiktracks warten auf Sie. The technology pioneered by Rocket led to the rapid expansion of the railways, which brought widespread social and economic changes that shaped modern Britain as we know it. Davy went to his grave believing that Stephenson had stolen his idea. George Stephenson's First Steam Locomotive. George Stephenson Stephenson's Rocket/Inventors Rocket, pioneer railway locomotive built by the English engineers George and Robert Stephenson. Please report any comments that break our rules. The original Rocket will be displayed at the National Railway Museum for at least a decade initially as part of a new exhibition called Brass, Steel and Fire. Robert married Frances Sanderson, daughter of a City of London professional John Sanderson, on 17 June 1829. Select from premium Stephensons Rocket of the highest quality. George Stephenson builds the Stockton and Railway (1823-25) History of the UK missing word . The locomotive hauled the train of 70 t on the world's first public passenger railway line at an average speed of 24 km/h (15 mph). Grade: 7.5 Estimate: $50 - 75 A station master called George Stephenson features as a minor character alongside an American steam engineer called Richard Trevithick, likely indicating that they were analogous rather than historical characters. As a tribute to his life and works, a bronze statue of Stephenson was unveiled at Chesterfield railway station (in the town where Stephenson spent the last ten years of his life) on 28 October 2005, marking the completion of improvements to the station. The company was set up in Forth Street in Newcastle-upon-Tyne by George Stephenson, his son Robert with Edward Pease and Michael Longridge. Stephenson's conservative views on the capabilities of locomotives meant he favoured circuitous routes and civil engineering that were more costly than his successors thought necessary. The locomotive could haul 30 tons of coal up a hill at 4mph (6.4km/h), and was the first successful flanged-wheel adhesion locomotive: its traction depended on contact between its flanged wheels and the rail. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Stephenson's Rocket Locomotive Pictorial - Darlington Mineral Water Co c1900's at the best online prices at eBay! Registered in England & Wales | 01676637 |. Robert Stephenson expanded on the work of his father and became a major railway engineer himself. Built in 1829 to run on the Liverpool and Manchester . The 1825 to 1863 Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR) was world's first public railway to use steam locomotives, its first line connected collieries near Shildon with Stockton-on-Tees and Darlington, and was officially opened on 27 September 1825.While coal waggons were hauled by steam locomotives from the start, passengers were carried in coaches drawn by horses until carriages hauled by . All wooden parts are machine cut ready to assemble and glue is provided. Self-help advocate Samuel Smiles particularly praised his achievements. The revised alignment presented the problem of crossing Chat Moss, an apparently bottomless peat bog, which Stephenson overcame by unusual means, effectively floating the line across it. In 1829, Rocket won the Rainhill Trials, which was a competition to decide on the best mode of transport for the railway. This site is part of Newsquest's audited local newspaper network. [7], 1830 also saw the grand opening of the skew bridge in Rainhill over the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. The bridge was the first to cross any railway at an angle. For a short stretch the Rocket achieved a speed of 36 miles (58 km) per hour. It is important that we continue to promote these adverts as our local businesses need as much support as possible during these challenging times. If you have a complaint about the editorial content which relates to Stephenson's Rocket (1829) The English engineer George Stephenson's locomotive was built for a competition of locomotives in 1829. . William Losh of Walker Ironworks thought he had an agreement with Stephenson to supply cast-iron rails, and Stephenson's decision caused a permanent rift between them. He worked with Joseph Locke on the Grand Junction Railway with half of the line allocated to each man. Stockton & Darlington Railway, in England, first railway in the world to operate freight and passenger service with steam traction. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. There is a theory that it was Stephenson who indirectly gave the name of Geordies to the people of the North East of England. As the L&MR approached completion in 1829, its directors arranged a competition to decide who would build its locomotives, and the Rainhill Trials were run in October 1829. Copyright 2022 History Today Ltd. Company no. . Data returned from the Piano 'meterActive/meterExpired' callback event. [citation needed]. Get Alex Thompson's email address (a******@neglass.co.uk) and phone number () at RocketReach. [23], The Victorian self-help advocate Samuel Smiles had published his first biography of George Stephenson in 1857, and although attacked as biased in the favour of George at the expense his rivals as well as his son, it was popular and 250,000 copies were sold by 1904. George Stephenson did not invent the steam locomotive but "Rocket" was the first to really show its capabilities. In 1825 the engine, later called Locomotion, took 450 people 25 miles from Darlington to Stockton at 15 miles per hour. The original plan was to use horses to draw coal carts on metal rails, but after company director Edward Pease met Stephenson, he agreed to change the plans. It provides a concise history of Robert Stephenson & Company (RS&Co), presented in two parts. Robert Stephenson and Company was an engineering and locomotive manufacturing company founded in 1823. $17.80. It provides a concise history of Robert Stephenson & Company (RS&Co), presented in two parts. [7], A manufacturer was needed to provide the locomotives for the line. 65. Defective surveying of the original route of the L&MR caused by hostility from some affected landowners meant Stephenson encountered difficulty during Parliamentary scrutiny of the original bill, especially under cross-examination by Edward Hall Alderson. 228 George Stephenson Rocket Premium High Res Photos Browse 228 george stephenson rocket stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. See, Last edited on 24 November 2022, at 09:41, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne, North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, "George Stephenson | Biography, Locomotives, & Facts | Britannica", "Plaque unveiled for 'Father of Railways' George Stephenson", "Engineering Timelines George Stephenson", "The 100 greatest Britons: lots of pop, not so much circumstance", "Notes recently withdrawn from circulation", "NZ2770: Dial Cottage (George Stephenson's Cottage), Westmoor", https://www.flickr.com/photos/pinzac55/7267455114/, Reproduction of 1853 biographical chapter by J R Leifchild, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Stephenson&oldid=1123549794, This page was last edited on 24 November 2022, at 09:41. [13], Stephenson was hired to build the 8-mile (13-km) Hetton colliery railway in 1820. Internal screw enclosure. In 1811 the pumping engine at High Pit, Killingworth was not working properly and Stephenson offered to improve it. Select from premium Stephenson's Rocket of the highest quality. It was the first locomotive to be preserved anywhere in the world. A statue of him dressed in classical robes stands in Neville Street, Newcastle, facing the buildings that house the Literary and Philosophical Society of Newcastle upon Tyne and the North of England Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers, near Newcastle railway station. Stephenson's Rocket - 1829 Diecast 1:76 Scale Locomotive Model (Amercom OO-27) Brand: Stephenson's Rocket - 1829. Stephenson became a reassuring name rather than a cutting-edge technical adviser. Newsquest Media Group Ltd, Loudwater Mill, Station Road, High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire. At the same time, the eminent scientist and Cornishman Humphry Davy was also looking at the problem. After leaving York, the exhibition will travel to the Science Museum in London although Rocket will remain at the National Railway Museum. He was buried at Holy Trinity Church, Chesterfield, alongside his second wife.[7]. He used this knowledge while working on the Bolton and Leigh Railway, and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR), executing a series of difficult cuttings, embankments and stone viaducts to level their routes. It was the first time passenger traffic had been run on a steam locomotive railway. Gordon W: 23/02/2015 15:55:06: 2011 forum posts: Not much help I'm afraid, I remember playing on Rocket and Locomotion No.1 on Darlington station back in the 40's. All the small bits had gone by then of course. In 2002, Stephenson was named in the BBC's television show and list of the 100 Greatest Britons following a UK-wide vote, placing at no. Optimieren Sie Ihren Workflow mit unserem erstklassigen Digitalen Asset Management System. Invicta is an early steam locomotive built by Robert Stephenson and Company in Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1829. Tractive Effort. He and his son--also an engineer, but with the properly credentialed education behind him--created Robert Stephenson & Co. to build steam locomotives. Stephenson's Rocket. Stephenson's 'Rocket' beat four other entrants on the grounds of weight, speed, power and reliability. Despite the tragedy, the railway was a resounding success. 448 Stephensons Rocket Photos and Premium High Res Pictures - Getty Images CREATIVE Collections Project #ShowUs Creative Insights EDITORIAL VIDEO BBC Motion Gallery NBC News Archives MUSIC BLOG BROWSE PRICING ENTERPRISE VisualGPS INSIGHTS BOARDS BASKET SIGN IN Images Images Creative Editorial Video Creative Editorial FILTERS CREATIVE EDITORIAL Stockton to Darlington Line. Pinnwnde sind ideal zum Speichern von Bildern und Videoclips. The 'Rocket' successfully completed ten laps of the track at Rainhill achieving the dazzling speed of 29 mph on the final lap. While George was working in Scotland, Robert was brought up by a succession of neighbours and then by George's unmarried sister Eleanor (Nelly), who lived with them in Killingworth on George's return. Science Museum Group Collection More information Rocket wasn't a perfect design, but its success lit the spark which catalysed decades of continued ingenuity in rail engineering. The Band of Hope were selling biographies of George in 1859 at a penny a sheet, and at one point there was a suggestion to move George's body to Westminster Abbey. Stephenson's most famous locomotive was called 'Rocket'. The success of laying railroad transportation and the feat of creating a superfast locomotive Rocket gave Stephenson a celebrity status. Ahead of the Rainhill Trials, George and Robert Stephenson had no time to build a model and so Rocket became the ultimate full-size model to test the latest technology of the time. It has the effect of flattening the arch and the solution is to lay the bricks forming the arch at an angle to the abutments (the piers on which the arches rest). Parts of the original works have survived in the centre of Newcastle. (: Robert Stephenson) ( 1803 - 12 1859) . . A fourth partner was Michael Longridge of Bedlington Ironworks. For other people called Robert Stephenson, see, 'Stephenson gauge' was initially of 4feet 8inches (1,420mm) in the North East of England. [5], George decided to find work in Scotland and left Robert with a local woman while he went to work in Montrose. The original 1829 steam locomotive Stephenson's Rocket can be seen from today at the National Railway Museum's new Brass, Steel and Fire exhibition. Self-help advocate Samuel Smiles particularly praised his achievements. These adverts enable local businesses to get in front of their target audience the local community. - 4ft 8 1/2 in . Stephenson remained at Alton Grange until 1838 before moving to Tapton House in Derbyshire. inaccuracy or intrusion, then please The most notable was Robert Trevithick, a Cornishman, who in 1803 built the first steam locomotive to run on rails, which were essential because an adequately powerful engine was too heavy for roads or wooden tracks. Discover how Stephenson's Rocket changed the world and helped kickstart the world's railway revolution.Rocket is currently on display at Nat. from the rack and pinion railway developed by Blenkinsop and Murray, to George Stephenson's engines for the Stockton & Darlington Railway. 1938 The goodwill of the Kitson and Co and Manning, Wardle and Co companies was bought. She was named Frances after her mother. One significant innovation, suggested by Henry Booth, treasurer of the L&MR, was the use of a fire-tube boiler, invented by French engineer Marc Seguin that gave improved heat exchange. Built by George and his son Robert's company Robert Stephenson and Company, the Locomotion No. Omissions? Stephenson surveyed the line in 1821, and assisted by his eighteen-year-old son Robert, construction began the same year. Those ads you do see are predominantly from local businesses promoting local services. His chosen rail gauge, sometimes called "Stephenson gauge",[i] was the basis for the .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}4feet 8+12inches (1.435m) standard gauge used by most of the world's railways. The engine, which helped to usher in the railway age, is on show . Following a sudden strong influx of gas the tops of all the Davy Lamps became red hot (which had in the past caused an explosion, and in so doing risked another), whilst all the Geordie Lamps simply went out. [20] George next paid attention to Anne Henderson where he lodged with her family, but she rejected him and he transferred his attentions to her sister Frances (Fanny), who was nine years his senior. STEPHENSON GEORGE. Rocket will eventually be one of the stars of the museums redeveloped Great Hall which is part of the museums 55m Vision 2025 masterplan. 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