/CreationDate (D:20070704142732-04'00') The whole body, including affective, emotional, physiological, motivational, and expressive elements, is implicated in mental wellbeing [51, 57]. Therefore, education in emergencies could be defined as education that is provided during times of crisis created by conflicts or disasters ([10], p. 2). endobj To maintain learners effective virtual learning which will enhance their mental wellbeing and will fulfil the goal of education in emergencies (EiE) the following specific strategies and psycho-social interventional steps may be appropriate: In the light of the theories of Socrates and Plato the virtual class as well as distant teaching and learning tasks should be of essence or form (means an existence which is separated from its individual manifestations) based [88]. 2021 The Author(s). 0000340651 00000 n However, it focuses mainly on the role of the education sector in supporting individuals, especially learners and educators during and after emergencies. /CropBox [0 0 576 783] There is a need for more empirical research in the field of education in emergencies (EiE) to support advanced understandings of learner engagement, mental health and wellbeing issues, interactive activities in remote teaching and learning, and building effective collegiate communities [10]. /Annots [12 0 R] It concerns human behaviour, where moral activity is practical [101]. /Filter /FlateDecode Educators and practitioners, with short notice and little preparation time, were confronted with redesigning their curricula, changing their pedagogical and assessment practices from face-to-face to online virtual classrooms and embracing additional pastoral care of their students in order to maintain their wellbeing and the quality of the educational experience and performance. If a teacher neglects or is unaware of the mental health issues of any student and the reasons that cause the student to act as he or she does, then the teacher will not be able to promote the concentration of the student or to enhance his or her potential achievement. To maintain a safe and creative virtual space for learning, the online distance higher education teachers can take a significant responsibility [75]. endobj Therefore, he emphasises, how the learner communicates with surroundings and his or her subjective experience of self must be considered. % These are fundamental components of quality dynamic in learning and cognitive success [56]. 0000008757 00000 n How can they keep their students motivated and encourage them about learning and education where the future seems blurred? Providing education online gives the option for people to learn, increase their knowledge and skills, and make the best use of their time especially during lockdown, isolation and quarantine. Online learning during this pandemic is referred to as emergency remote education, emergency remote learning or emergency remote teaching and learning because it is in contrast with the quality or effectiveness of providing education online [5, 29]. Virtual quizzes or art competitions can be held to engage the students and keep them busy in a constructive way [97, 98]. Professor of Emergency Management, Jacksonville State University. /Length 2968 *Address all correspondence to: mahruf.shohel@yahoo.co.uk;, m.m.c.shohel@alumni.manchester.ac.uk. 0000002385 00000 n jcX_JKrMQY4qVpz"]B'8M CKwBG% 'u)mu>xJhw[sesRN:sc|f%73#VjrgoB} With students and educators reentering their classrooms for the 2022-23 school year, district leaders need to be able to reassure everyone in their school community that school safety. In fact, people displaced 0p4|FQIvO=O8TM{5^4Z>pp@1!/c_`01HSX8Gj'}?q&6l=>nX$}?a GOeVH;q=W$,Bfy'@7* They thought that their disciplinary teaching and learning approaches might not be suitable through online teaching and learning. September 29, 2022 by JP Guilbault, CEO, Navigate360. /Type /Pages /Parent 3 0 R >> This chapter outlines strategies, in general, for the education sector, and in particular, institutions and individuals to be better prepared for future emergencies through the opportunities e-learning offers. UNITED KINGDOM, M. Mahruf C. Shohel, Arif Mahmud, Munira Azhar Urmee, Muhammad Naveed Anwar, Mohammad Mojibur Rahman, Dev Raj Acharya and Md. Any events that take place outside of the regular (compulsory) curriculum are referred to as extracurricular activities [96]. Everyone, including children, young people, young adults, students, and scholars, is influenced by online learning. Emergency education: A critical review of the field. Considering the various impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on learning, students require help and support in different areas. According to Rogers [88], learners, teachers and parents in pandemic circumstances need to accept virtual or emergency remote education. Many educational and cultural practices could be interchangeably used in online and traditional educational approaches [90]. 0000342249 00000 n The crisis further revealed the flaws in the global education systems and taught a lesson that in this twenty-first century with all technological advancement, most nations are not prepared for educational crises, which require new approaches to education and emerging innovative pedagogies. a. Relevance and importance of Education in Emergencies in the context of Afghanistan Education in emergencies (EiE) is a core element of global humanitarian response and encompasses a 0000004247 00000 n Others may experience new mental health and mood changes due to the pandemic and online learning [106]. Our results show that higher levels of parental involvement and teacher support are associated with higher levels of student affective engagement with teacher support presenting the strongest relationship with student engagement. How? PLEASE NOTE: The tools and resources identified in this document are not intended as endorsements and are merely offered as examples that you may consider in your own planning efforts. In addition, LePine et al. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the education sector has halted the traditional education system but has also fostered innovation due to the challenges of the crisis. Such unconditional acceptance and empathy should be expressed by teachers towards all students. Considering the above benefits and challenges of online distance teaching and learning, it is crucial to go on with emergency remote (online distance) teaching and learning especially at this point of time (during the lockdown in the pandemic). [61] found that challenge-related stress had a positive relationship to learning performance, and that barrier-related stress had a negative relationship to learning performance and mental health in an e-learning context. It is a great opportunity from the students point of view that they can access the materials at anytime from anywhere and revisit or revise the available resources [30, 31]. Education in emergencies and conflict areas is the process of teaching and promoting quality education for children, youth, and adults in crisis-affected areas. A presentation made at the Workshop Creating Educational Opportunities for the Hazards Manager of the 21st Century. Emergency management within institutes of higher education (IHE) continues to evolve. %PDF-1.4 % /MediaBox [0 0 576 783] Plan Internationals education in emergencies programme strives to provide quality formal and non-formal education opportunities that meet the needs of girls and /Filter /FlateDecode In this way, individual and cultural area-based students needs should be explored. 0 Education can be a life-saving intervention: it provides a safe place for children to learn and play, provides protection from further violence and exploitation such as forced labour, sexual What advice would you have for someone that is starting the Emergency Management program, for the first time, at a college? How can e-learning help individuals, including teachers and students cope with the situation and at the same time support their personal and professional growth? Values are associated with human beliefs and attitudes. endobj Religious education (RE) has a greater impact on preparing young people to live and work in a diverse community than any other subjects [105]. 0000005011 00000 n E-Learning and Digital Education in the Twenty-First Century, Submitted: October 15th, 2020 Reviewed: March 25th, 2021 Published: September 10th, 2021, Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com. [59] highlighted that the elements that trigger learning challenges and disruptive behaviours may be caused by boredom and misunderstanding, whilst also asserting that concentration is a factor for better learning. xT}Ha7]9iuse$++(+D $3hPXHZ~@cDYH.XJEWO&EO/{~==/ ( I@ endstream Accountability Strengthening education systems (including state and non-state) to ensure equitable and effective education services for all children and young people and avoiding This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Developing Professionals: Experience from a Distan Strategies and Psycho-social Interventional Steps, Institute of Development Studies, University of Sussex, UnitedKingdom, Department of Education, University of Roehampton, UnitedKingdom, Department of Psychology, Jagannath University, Bangladesh, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Northumbria University, UnitedKingdom, Institute of Education and Research, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh, Institute of Health, University of Wolverhampton, UnitedKingdom, Department of Education, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Digital University, Bangladesh. Thus e-learning has created new avenues for the education sector worldwide and shown its potential to support mental wellbeing. /Contents [18 0 R 19 0 R 20 0 R] Financial support must be given to poor students to buy handheld devices (i.e. Your email address will not be published. /Resources 16 0 R 0000341795 00000 n By Beatriz De Castro Magalhes, Adriana Vieira Nobre, By Isla Camilla Carvalho Laureano, Alidianne Fbia Ca IntechOpen Limited 1-256-782-8053. 0000331294 00000 n With the help of virtual psychotherapy and mental health clinicians, students will be able to improve their mental health and wellbeing and acknowledge the meaning of life in emergencies. The Inter-Agency Network for Education in Emergencies (INEE) Minimum Standards for Education in Emergencies provides useful guidelines for the establishment of safe, accessible temporary learning spaces and age-appropriate WASH facilities. >> As a result, working from home and home learning using digital technologies have become the new norm. That is why, the UNHCR ([15], online), explains that [e]ducation in emergencies provides immediate physical and psychosocial protection, as well as life-saving knowledge and skills (for example, with respect to disease prevention, self-protection, and awareness of rights). /CropBox [0 0 576 783] They will also acquire knowledge and mental resources that increase their resilience to help them to protect themselves. John Tommaney is the Director of Emergency Management at Boston College. according to nicolai ( 2003 ), an effective education response in an emergency should be aiming at childrens educational continuity; flexible regarding location, timing and methods used; building the capacity of teachers to support children in coping with the mental, physical and social impacts of an emergency; focusing efforts on groups of The rapid shift of formal face-to-face teaching and learning to being online distance teaching and learning left teachers, parents and other stakeholders lacking in confidence that students were receive an appropriate education through the virtual or digital learning environments or workplaces as well as concerns about safety and security [8]. On the other hand, secondary, higher secondary and tertiary level students may be better able to deal with abstract instructions which can develop their creative and critical thinking. Because of the differences and even quirks within IHE emergency management programs, and as the programs continue to develop as a relatively new field, many new emergency managers, and perhaps some transitioning into the academic setting, will value the many lessons learned from the experienced IHE emergency managers below. 0000340384 00000 n Brenda D. Phillips, Ph.D. Available from: Taylor & Francis, Ltd. 530 Walnut Street Suite 850, Philadelphia, PA 19106. Education for All (EFA) is a tool for social cohesion, whereas educational discrepancies lead to poverty for the uneducated and fuel civil conflict. 191 0 obj <> endobj The chapter explores literature to draw on different perspectives regarding the issues related to effectiveness in handling education and learning in an emergency in addition to preparedness for post and future emergencies. Tel: 800-354-1420; Tel: 215-625-8900; Fax: 215-207-0050; Web site: http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals. uuid:3c88b22f-2a5c-11dc-8b41-003065d70912 The world has been going through an unprecedented situation due to the world-wide health crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic. application/pdf According to Piaget [91], primary education learners are in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development and therefore they might not be able to think in the abstract ways that come in the formal operational stage of adolescence. Alongside online session, whenever health regulations supported, there were arrangements for face-to-face sessions which improve the learning process and student engagement and satisfaction. Assessment methods have an impact on how students learn, and online assessments must be structured to encourage students to engage in positive learning behaviours [4]. The virtual class climate should be positive for students expression of opinion, feelings, belief and decision making. /Parent 3 0 R Due to sudden switching to emergency remote teaching and learning, learners are not prepared, and they are less confident to follow the virtual instructions of their teachers. Physical education should be compulsory and incorporated into the curriculum by which an instructor will conduct a class on physical exercises virtually. a?q$.Ee]o^">EF E~D~L;z_ QBWF1ApY^xxR, s7Me,;kLKxyp$Z,?eQ$Yzyt(HW}U,u'?@|pv'IQ&*29x1B4{y07W/3. So, the importance of face-to-face pedagogical approaches cannot be denied, but considering the current emergency situation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, online delivery of education seems to be the best alternative for the continuity of education [5]. Its based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. 0000334047 00000 n Abstract. Nevertheless, the focus should be on the lived experiences of the teachers who support other colleagues and can offer lessons, experiences, and tips towards supporting their colleagues that will be lost if not documented in a timely fashion. << While collegiality is good to see, it is placing an additional burden on all staff members with an already strained workload. At the end of the day, the focus of e-learning should be all about the students academic attainments their learning, their academic results, and so much more. Supporting a nationwide systems approach to EMS education. [27] concluded that the instructional achievement of online learning is debatable because of the absence of face-to-face relationship among learners and learning facilitators (i.e. Some teach because they gain knowledge and skills through these interactions. Thus, individual presentation, dual presentation and discussion, group presentation and discussion and webinars can all be incorporated into online classes. Prevention strategies should include more widespread helmet use and increasing bicycle lane provision to enable traffic separation in Hong Kong. Moreover, learners are being pressured by teachers and parents to complete the syllabus or course content in order to maintain academic performance. In this way, students will be able to realise their inner potentials and teacher-centric lecture time will be reduced. Many educational institutions had to move their face-to-face modality to online modality in a sudden way due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); In this webinar, attendees will learn the observable behaviors people exhibit as they head down a path of violence so we can help prevent the preventable. Virtual classes can exacerbate underlying mental health issues for many students. Brenda@jsucc.jsu.edu. >> Online assessment procedures should be flexible as now education is being provided in emergency situations. M. Mahruf C. Shohel. It is certainly not enough for the teacher to evaluate students success by monitoring quantitative facts, like the frequency of tasks, the number of posts and the grades earned [62]. Although many teachers and academics have expertise and experience with designing, developing, delivering and assessing blended and e-learning, there remain many academics and educators that do not hold the expertise or knowledge to cope with such a shift. teachers, instructors or trainers). For example, in a distant learning virtual classroom clear-cut verbal instruction should be provided in order not to confuse the students. 5 Princes Gate Court, It also reflects on educational professionals work with students during this pandemic i.e. Thus, [t]eaching and learning practices which foster both cooperation and competition, independence and self-evaluation, can build the strength of students voices in ways that do not deny learners self-identity and values ([76], pp. We aim to identify the engagement strategies that higher education students, engaging in emergency online learning in low-resource settings, perceive to be face-to-face, online and blended) to better understand different delivery modes and improve their practices. Personnel management, staffing and organizational development, goal setting, resource management and budgeting are examples of the many other functions within the profession that are both important and time consuming. /Resources 11 0 R 7 0 obj The challenges in building foundational competencies through designing new curriculums and implementing pedagogy necessitate specialised training. Education programs and services established during an emergency should form part of the national education system. As far as is practical, host community schools should be supported to include displaced children and youth, with an emphasis on the continuity of learning. Routledge. They should also be supported in coping with isolation and homesickness while they are stuck at their accommodations, and maintaining relationships with families and friends from a distance [38, 39, 53, 54, 55] (Figure 1). Andy Altizer is the Director of Emergency Management at Kennesaw State University. Education is a fundamental right and a basic need for children caught in humanitarian crises. /Metadata 2 0 R @B%~q"v0Dq+() SDi &j{, The support initiatives should include, but not limited to curriculum, class duration, teaching methods and techniques, teacher-students relationship, exam preparation, online extra-curricular activities, managing finances, mindset about online class. To date our community has made over 100 million downloads. /Rotate 0 Considerations should be given to education sessions, as the number of lessons may be increased or decreased for an optimum period considering the nature of emergencies, i.e. Fiedler and Beier [58] indicated that an educational environment such as an e-learning context is full of experience, anxiety, and fun, anger, and satisfaction, dissatisfaction, and pride (p. 36). We aim to identify the engagement strategies that higher education students, engaging in emergency online learning in low-resource settings, perceive to be effective. endstream endobj 192 0 obj<> endobj 193 0 obj<> endobj 194 0 obj<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>/ExtGState<>>> endobj 195 0 obj[/ICCBased 208 0 R] endobj 196 0 obj<> endobj 197 0 obj<> endobj 198 0 obj<>stream Developing digital self-efficacy and technological proficiency can also minimise some fears and anxieties while individuals engage in a self-regulated learning process [67, 68]. These kinds of webinars or e-learning activities will enhance students attachment and engagement with their teachers, classmates and institutions. Negative experiences of mental health problems such as frustration can be compounded in an online distance teaching and learning setting as there is no physical connection with peers and teachers and, for many, there are only a few mental health support systems that are accessible or suitable. There is currently a significant void, and future studies could concentrate more on in-depth study of online instruction practices, step-by-step implementation, and the most successful online course design and instruction practices [95]. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Education, in general, is life-saving, life-sustaining and life-transforming life-long process ([10], p. 2) and in emergencies, it creates the learning opportunities for individuals and can equip them to face on-going crises as well as crises to come[11]. >> However, during emergencies, educational researchers (including teachers, administrators, leaders) should engage to conduct participatory and critical action research in different learning environments or modalities (i.e. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1481803500007545 Published online by Cambridge University Press PreventionWeb.net: the knowledge platform for disaster risk reduction Some universities across the globe have adopted a blended or hybrid learning approach following government guidelines, where the situation permitted. /Length 1619 The overall objective of the EEC is to ensure that emergency-affected school-age girls and boys (including IDPs) continue to get access to safe and quality education in emergency. Basic safety awareness based virtual classes also should be taken by learners of all ages to be aware of how to ensure safety against viruses, abuse, mental health issues and online safety. Following the principles of qualitative research, on this reflection a foreign language teacher describes his social experience in an Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) when he moved his face-to-face classes to online ones. Being stuck at home, people may find more time to keep them engaged in learning activities [5, 29]. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. 0000000936 00000 n It affects how people think, feel, and act so that they can manage their stress and anxiety. 654 0 obj <> endobj 0000342037 00000 n This discussion will help participants analyze, understand, and assess their own program effectiveness. The current trend shows that the tendency for online distance teaching and learning has gone up as compared to previous years [32] as this pandemic has left no other satisfactory choice than learning mostly online. The correlation between cognition and mental health is bidirectional, which means that cognition and mental health operate in two ways, so both must be better understood [58]. 0000330352 00000 n Thus, the presence of an instructor is necessary for the detailed explanation of the contents and learning process, and they must respond to the new technology and its role in the learning [22]. It is worth noting that mental wellbeing and emotions are experienced by all those participating in the e-learning process (i.e., learners, teachers, support staff) and are crucial to the relationship with and between these individuals [66]. Teachers roles in ensuring students mental health and wellbeing in learning and online teaching are similarly complex, as positions vary widely across higher education and within e-learning. However, only a few changes could be considered by parents such as shortening a more extended curriculum and changing traditional paper-pencil assessment procedures to be able to produce a digital copy of the exam script [78, 79]. Children become more self-sufficient and have a stronger voice on issues affecting them. 0000002647 00000 n However, technological advancement has already led to the digital transformation of everyday life, and technology-enhanced learning has already been widely adopted by many education institutions across the globe. The current COVID-19 pandemic has forced public and private organisations, companies and institutions as well as individuals to change their behaviours during lockdown to maintain social distancing. Subsequently, it is even more difficult to recognise such unproductive emotional states such as boredom, and irritation. Concerning mental health and wellbeing throughout the learning process, teachers should pay close attention to learners epistemic wellbeing to foster their self-regulated knowledge generation ([45], p. 15) through students voices. Even though numerous programmes have been delivered through e-learning in different educational institutions including schools, colleges and universities, this is the first time for most teachers and students to use virtual teaching and learning tools and technologies in their full-time education programmes. @!tN If a teacher calls the students by name, monitors all students and provides positive and constructive feedback to each of the students virtually, students will own such a class and be motivated to engage academically. The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on every aspect of human life [1, 2, 3, 4]. Interest in artificial intelligence and online technologies [110, 111, 112] has amplified significantly in universities, showing that there are useful platforms in aiding teaching and learning as well as increasing students motivation and engagement. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online distance teaching and learning have become a necessity to maintain continuity of education. Technological advancement also enriches the teaching materials, makes the best use of time and allows having live, visual and authentic learning conditions which ignite learners to absorb knowledge [20, 21]. mobile phone set, tablet, laptop or computer with headphone and microphone), and a space where they could sit comfortably, quietly, without distractions to participate in teaching and learning. These could include sleeping too much or too little, getting away from usual activities, feeling low energy, feeling hopeless and down, developing habits of smoking or drinking, getting confused or upset, being worried about the current situation and the unseen and unpredictable future [40, 41, 42, 43]. An individuals mental wellbeing is significantly important during a time of crisis to reduce the risk to mental health, especially psychological stability and morale [33, 34, 35]. In turn, these will decrease their engagement with destructing activities online. stream Higher education lecturers, who develop their own modules, in their module design, they should take into consideration, recognise and acknowledge the importance of good mental health in learning and incorporate tailored interventions, feedback and advice, and support accordingly [48]. hb```"[Vu ea$$b U. However, there are only limited resources and obviously not all universities can provide such resources to all staff and students which is another challenge of emergency remote online learning. 0000001898 00000 n From Mays existential psychological perspective on Normal or Healthy Anxiety [88] which is conducive to personal growth - a virtual class climate can be created in which all learners feel a normal or healthy anxiety to engage. 'Education in emergencies' refers to the quality learning opportunities for all ages in situations of crisis, including early childhood development, primary, secondary, non-formal, technical, Educational mobile apps must be developed for children, adolescents, adults, and also for physically disabled students, for those who have hearing problems and for learners who are partially or fully blind. The students levels, needs, requirements and contexts should be considered when making such decisions. Students will follow the instructors instructions virtually and will do physical exercises from their home. 0000005775 00000 n Collaboration and Community Partnerships: Strategies for Effective School and Higher Ed Emergency Operations Plan Development 2. << The consistent growth in technology and internet accessibility has increased the thrust for online teaching and learning [26], but Joshi et al. xref However, this does not mean that technology takes over the instructors tasks and human presence in the learning process. Some educators and learners were reluctant to accept the emerging technologies for online teaching and learning or training for professional development at the beginning of the pandemic. However, any conflict or disaster destabilises, disorganises or destroys the existing education system, and requires an integrated process of crisis and post-crisis assistance to continue education [18]. hmk0}JgA li_04iBu_'~KAP Technology is there only as learning support to strengthen material explanations from an instructor and for students to understand concepts better and develop skills. %%EOF 5 0 obj As a result, students become less self-esteemed and motivated to learn as well as possessing little enjoyment in a virtual classroom [83, 84]. Factors need to be supported for individuals mental wellbeing during education in emergencies. This means a teachers virtual instruction for primary level learners in virtual class should be as specific, clear and experiential as possible. Andy Altizer is the Director of Emergency Management at Kennesaw State University. trailer mr+AUYm|2 H_#KK"pHa.a&Q&5FQ\,ae! Do you have any tips for conveying the importance of an Emergency Manager to the administration? For example, if large numbers of refugees arrive from a neighbouring country and are accommodated in camps in a remote location, then new schools have to be established as a 222 0 obj<>stream Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. In such circumstances, learners are unable to share their emotions with their peers. Take time to attend formal training, sit in on meetings, join emergency management associations at the local, regional state or national levels. Required fields are marked *. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1481803500007545 Published online by Cambridge University Press. Closures of educational institutions and interruption of education affected more than 1.6 billion enrolled students of all ages which equaled nearly 94% of the global student population [6, 7]. This pandemic has made the educational institutions and other organisations go online and become agents of change and digital transformation. During the pandemic, the burning question in the context of education is: how can educators keep their learners engaged and motivated when many of them suffer from economic deprivations, losses of loved ones, health issues or lack of resources? << %%EOF Students' Affective Engagement, Parental Involvement, and Teacher Support in Emergency Remote Teaching during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Survey in China. Emergency situations can exclude large numbers of children and others from receiving any form of education. 679 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<08E4D2D63398408795C3A536420049F9>]/Index[654 43]/Info 653 0 R/Length 112/Prev 602616/Root 655 0 R/Size 697/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Mental health has been seen to be significant in learning as it relates to and acts as a driving force for academic achievement, motivation, efficiency, identity formation, individual development, and overall wellbeing; yet it may negatively influence the achievement of learning outcomes, progress, and experience [47, 48, 49, 50, 51]. This chapter highlights the importance of education in emergencies and how a situation like the COVID-19 pandemic creates challenges alongside opportunities to learn for personal and professional development as well as to ensure mental wellbeing of individuals through e-learning. Free internet connections [107] such as open WiFi facilities [54] must be available for the sake of students academic advancement in underprivileged areas of under developing and developing countries. Edited by /Title (untitled) 2 0 obj (1) Education helps meet the psychosocial needs of children and adolescents affected by conflict or disasters that have disrupted their lives, studies and social networks. However, teachers and students alike witnessed that emergency remote education is not just a case of learning from home but that a reinterpretation of pedagogical approaches to adjust to the new normal situation [8]. Basic technology skill-based virtual training programmes need to be implemented for students, teachers, administrators and parents so that they will be able to use different e-learning tools including conferencing tools such as Zoom, Google Classroom, Microsoft Team, Skype, Blackboard Collaborate etc. These mental health problems can be alleviated by developing awareness and getting prompt, personalised support. 191 32 Safe education. However, the perspectives of individuals involved in teaching and learning through the unprecedented time during the COVID-19 pandemic are crucial to understand the barriers and challenges of the situation. Licensee IntechOpen. /Kids [5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R] This paper reviews the rationale for education in situations of emergency and crisis, and the basic principles for emergency education. Education provides a channel for conveying health and survival messages as well as tools and techniques for teaching new skills and values, such as peace, tolerance, conflict resolutions, democracy, human rights, environmental conservation. Due to the multifaceted impact of the situation, it is suggested that students should be connected with other people, be physically active, learn new skills, create positive feelings and be mindful [52]. Books > It examines how these principles were reflected in some 3 0 obj untitled endstream endobj startxref From the professionals best practices to assist students in being successful through online education or hybrid teaching and learning formats, many opportunities arose to shape and reform education for a better future and transform the process of lifelong learning. Decentralisation is described as possibly the single most advocated reform for improving the provision of such basic services as education and health in developing countries in the literature on education ([109], p. 131). 1 0 obj Baker et al. Global Fund to Fight AIDS Tuberculosis and Malaria (2015c) Funding process & steps, Furthermore, Lewins life space concept [88] also considers the learners physical and psychological aspects of life. In the current situation imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, many individuals including students and educators may have experienced mental stress and distress [38, 39] due to the changes in personal, social and economic circumstances such as being stuck at home, domestic violence, unemployment, loss of a job, loss of loved one or family breakdown [40, 41, 42, 43]. the COVID-19 pandemic. JlA$(q8jHP=M0R=JDmjU+br a<0%Cs << This could offer a unique chance to document the knowledge and lessons learnt, as well as to take a long-term perspective of the systemic effect and e-learning opportunities. /Annots [22 0 R] Drawing upon data from a cross-sectional survey conducted Education in Emergencies Competency Framework Framework Education in Emergencies Competency Framework The EiE Competency Framework builds on the INEE There have been many other issues in terms of online distance learning for students and teaching for staff, such as the availability internet (with a reasonable speed), a modest device (i.e. 0000006540 00000 n Online distance learning (ODL) is the use of the internet and some other important technologies to develop materials for educational purposes, instructional delivery and management of the educational programmes [23, 24]. stream They are also deprived of their friends and associates physical presence in their everyday life. Strategies for supporting emergency education depend on the type of emergency. 6 0 obj o~(j; .,IXE ```h`` D0&0(a14FF!a D044}`Z} zmC,X$lBg13eglg7:!h X iI@U )C" These findings contribute to the understanding of emergency remote teaching in different countries where schools and individual households devise varying strategies and solutions. /Type /Catalog 2022-04-12T18:50:58+00:00 /Rotate 0 The following four themes have been identified as important for the future of physical education and are prevalent in the online physical education course: 1) appropriate curriculum for students, 2) individualised option for students, 3) family-friendly content, and 4) lessons that involve students in developing long-term, healthy lifestyle behaviours [99]. 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