Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. DVT was increased with concomitant intra-articular procedure. We present a retrospective study of 10 patients, with an average age of 15.1 years, all of them males, and a total of 11 acute avulsions of the anterior tibial tubercle. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. Conclusion: Cole WW 3rd, Brown SM, Vopat B, Heard WMR, Mulcahey MK. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure. WebFractures of the anterior tibial tubercle are infrequent lesions. Retro-Tubercle Biplanar Opening Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Is Favorable for the Patellofemoral Joint But Not for the Osteotomized Tubercle Itself Compared With Supra-Tubercle Osteotomy. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program, Ogawa H, Matsumoto K, Yoshioka H, Sengoku M, Akiyama H (2020) Distal tibial tubercle osteotomy is superior to the proximal one for progression of patellofemoral osteoarthritis in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28(10):32703278 2021 Dec 1;15(6):515-524. doi: 10.1302/1863-2548.15.210117. 2005 Dec;91(8):758-67. doi: 10.1016/s0035-1040(05)84487-3. See this image and copyright information in PMC. PMC Arkader A, Schur M, Refakis C, Capraro A, Woon R, Choi P. J Pediatr Orthop. 2022 Dec;32(8):1601-1607. doi: 10.1007/s00590-021-03144-4. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine 2020 Oct;158(5):466-474. doi: 10.1055/a-0979-2384. The .gov means its official. Bookshelf Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a common procedure that is frequently used in the treatment of recurrent patellar instability and/or patellar chondrosis. The site is secure. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Avulsion fracture of the tibial tuberosity is an infrequent injury in adolescents and an extremely rare occurrence in adults. An initial lateral radiograph of the knee showing a displaced tibial tubercle fragment and patella alta. PMC WebTibial tubercle fractures are uncommon and rarely occur after closure of the proximal tibial epiphysis. However, there was no difference in the final outcome according to injury mechanisms. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 28(6):17501756 Would you like email updates of new search results? Non-Dairy Pints. Anatomical risk factors for the fractures was a lower tibial tubercle position. Tibial tubercle avulsion fracture caused by knee extensor is very rare; furthermore, non-traumatic fractures during running or bilateral fractures have been reported. The overall complication rate of tibial tubercle osteotomies was 29.5%, with arthrofibrosis (10.4%) as the largest complication. The Melt Report: 7 Fascinating Facts About Melting Ice Cream. Since the original classification by Watson-Jones and Ogden, an important variant with a posterior metaphyseal fracture line (type IV) was later described. The tubercle is held in its new position with 2 screws made of stainless steel. World J Pediatr Surg. Epub 2021 Oct 10. A study of 15 such injuries, all unilateral, showed the age range to be from 12 Bauer T, Milet A, Odent T, Padovani JP, Glorion C. Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. WebTreatment of a tibial tubercle fracture The treatment of this knee injury depends on whether the fracture is displaced or not. Before A tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) is used to treat a torn cranial cruciate ligament (CCL). J Orthop Surg Res. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Type IIIB Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture: A Case Report. Careers. The site is secure. All patients who underwent DTO were retrospectively reviewed, and 104 successive patients were included. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Current estimates of TTO complications in the literature vary widely; with complication rates reaching 59 percent. and transmitted securely. 1993 Oct;(295):201-4 WebTibial tubercle fractures result from eccentric loading of the knee extensor mechanism or resisted jumping; Tibial tubercle fractures frequently require ORIF; Three dimensional imaging may help guide treatment but is not always necessary; Compartment syndrome Objectives: Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a common procedure that is frequently used in the treatment of recurrent patellar instability and/or patellar chondrosis. A TTO is a surgical fracture of the tibial tubercle at the site of the patella tendon attachment. Selecta - Ang Number One Ice Cream ng Bayan! government site. We registered only one complication, intolerance of material, which did not require additional surgeries. Bookshelf 2009 Apr;22(2):142-4. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1247739. Major complications included 1 compartment syndrome and 1 large DVT. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001269. [Avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle in adolescents: 22 cases and review of the literature]. Pedrazzini A, Maserati I, Cesaro G, Visigalli A, Casalini D, Bertoni N, Yewo SH, Pogliacomi F. Acta Biomed. A combination of screws, pins, and/or wires may be required to hold the ligament in place. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Type IV tibial tubercle fracture-Salter-Harris type II variant. An official website of the United States government. A meta-analysis of bone-patellar tendon-bone autograft versus four-strand hamstring tendon autograft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. Three type IV fractures were identified that had an additional epiphyseal split. Throughout the years, Selecta Ice Cream has proven in the market that its a successful ice cream brand in the Philippines. 2020;30(2):119-123. doi: 10.1615/JLongTermEffMedImplants.2020035921. JBJS Rev. There will always be individual after 7 days from surgery should necessitate a call to our office and no further PT until instructed. Arthrosc Tech 8(6):e655e662 Methods: If the pain continues, a narcotic analgesic can be added. Careers. National Library of Medicine Conclusions: Bodendorfer BM, Kotler JA, Thornley CJ, Postma WF. The Knee Society Score and complications including tibial tubercle fracture were recorded. Products : Arizona Select Distribution is a highly-regarded wholesale food distributor that has been serving the state of Arizona since 1996. The blood clot and fibrin clot are removed from the original location of the tuberosity. The .gov means its official. Type IV fractures accounted for 18.5% (24/130) of all tibial tubercle apophyseal fractures. (b) Postoperative lateral radiograph of the knee showing fixation of the fragment with Kirschner wire and tension band wire fixation. Operative reports and clinic records were used to identify the patient demographics, fracture type, and clinical results. Retrospective Cohort study, level III. Epub 2019 Sep 19. Tang Y, Zhang YT, Fu QG, Zhang CC, Zhang X, Wang PF. Objectives: Total knee arthroplasty after failed high tibial osteotomy: a systematic review of open versus closed wedge osteotomy. MeSH (a) A 16-year-old boy (No. J Orthop Surg Res. In low-stress group, 6 patients' BMIs were in the 97th percentile, and 1 patient's BMI was in the 5th percentile.Extreme BMI may be a risk factor for tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in adolescents during running without definite trauma. The fracture of tibial tuberosity is a rare lesion and still more unusual in adults. We describe a case in an adult who suffered a left knee injury due to a fall from height. No risk factors were identified. The lesion was treated with surgical reduction and internal fixation. The rehabilitation met 2019 Jul;29(5):1073-1079. doi: 10.1007/s00590-019-02390-x. 2013 May 10;14:164. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-164. Unlike other procedures, the goal of this surgery is not to recreate or repair the ligament itself, but rather change the dynamics of the knee so that the cranial cruciate ligament is no longer necessary for stabilizing the joint. government site. 1991 Mar;25(1):52-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.25.1.52. Copyright 2022. 2019 Jan;122(1):6-16. doi: 10.1007/s00113-018-0590-8. Femoral morphology affects postoperative alignment of the lower extremities in hybrid closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy. 2012 Sep;32(6):561-6. doi: 10.1097/BPO.0b013e318263a370. Tibial tuberosity avulsion fractures are extremely rare fracture patterns, with reported incidence rates of 0.4% to 2.7% of all epiphyseal injuries, <1% of all physeal injuries, and about 3% of all proximal tibial injuries 1,2,3. Careers. Purpose: To investigate whether tibial tubercle fracture affected clinical outcomes and bony union in medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with distal [Avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle in adolescents: 22 cases and review of the literature]. 2011 Dec;5(6):465-70 TTO is surgery to place your patella (knee cap) in the correct position. This is a quite safe procedure and provides excellent access and surgical exposure during a difficult primary or revision total knee arthroplasty. 2019. J Pediatr Orthop. 1991;5(4):475-9 NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Bilateral Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fractures in Children - Clinical Results of a Rare Fracture. government site. However, there has been a lack of information regarding type IV tibial tubercle apophyseal fractures and its implications for surgical fixation. tibial tubercletrochlear groove (TTTG) distance measurement is shown in the top right and tibial tubercleposterior cruciate ligament (TTPCL) distance measurement in the middle right. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjz209. How do I prepare for TTO? Bauer J, Orendi I, Ladenhauf HN, Neubauer T. Unfallchirurg. 8600 Rockville Pike official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Tibial tuberosity fractures in adolescents: is a posterior metaphyseal fracture component a predictor of complications? A longitudinal incision is made just medial to the patella, the patellar ligament, and the tibial tuberosity. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The logistic regression analysis showed that the height of the tibial tubercle was associated with a higher risk of the fracture of the tibial tubercle (p < 0.01; OR, 1.548; 95% CI, 1.149-2.085). Background: Displaced tibial tubercle apophyseal fractures in children and adolescents are typically treated with closed reduction or open reduction with anterior to posterior screw fixation. The .gov means its official. J Orthop Trauma 2007;21:S13560. J Pediatr Orthop 1986;6:18692. Seven patients (low-stress group) had a spontaneous fracture during running without definite trauma. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. eCollection 2021 Oct. Andrews KA, Gillette M, Shah RV, Mckean LA, Sanford CG. eCollection 2021 Jun. MeSH summary Tibial Tubercle Fractures are common fractures that occur in adolescent boys near the end of skeletal growth during athletic activity. Diagnosis can be confirmed with plain radiographs of the knee. Treatment may be nonoperative or operative depending on location of the fracture, degree of displacement, and any associated injuries. Surgical correction of the fracture will involve placing the displaced ligament back into its correct position. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. This fracture type occurs even more infrequently than tibial plateau fractures after ACL reconstruction based on the published literature. The .gov means its official. WebFractures occurring with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are rare and those that do occur take place on the patellar side of a bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) A longitudinal incision is made just medial to the patella, the patellar ligament, and the tibial tuberosity. (a) A 12-year-old boy (No. FOIA Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify our complication rate following TTO procedures, with sub-analysis of whether the complication rate was affected by: 1: An intra-articular component defined as an additional procedure that altered post-operative rehabilitation, and. Epub 2019 Dec 24. Before Epub 2021 Oct 14. Patients treated with WebBackground: Displaced tibial tubercle apophyseal fractures in children and adolescents are typically treated with closed reduction or open reduction with anterior to posterior Ogawa H, Matsumoto K, Yoshioka H, Sengoku M, Akiyama H. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. MeSH And I still do too, even though Ive since returned to my home state of Montana. Fernandez Fernandez F, Eberhardt O, Schrter S, Wirth T, Ihle C. Z Orthop Unfall. -, Erquicia J, Gelber PE, Perelli S, Ibaez F, Ibaez M, Pelfort X et al (2019) Biplane opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with a distal tuberosity osteotomy, radiological and clinical analysis with minimum follow-up of 2 years. Epub 2015 Sep 30. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Tibial Tuberosity Avulsion Repair Tibial Tuberosity Avulsion Repair: Unlike traditional fracture repair, we have the ability to use fluoroscopy as well as digital radiology to perform minimally invasive fracture repair of tibial tuberosity There was no patient with significant early physeal arrest in both groups. Han JH, Yang JH, Bhandare NN, Suh DW, Lee JS, Chang YS, Yeom JW, Nha KW. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the [ 3] Radiographic and clinical characterization of coracoid fractures: a retrospective cohort analysis. 2020 Oct;158(5):466-474. doi: 10.1055/a-0979-2384. and transmitted securely. 2005. TIBIAL TUBERCLE ORIF PHYSICAL THERAPY Philosophy This protocol is to be utilized as a guideline. With more cream, every bite is smooth, and dreamy. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine official website and that any information you provide is encrypted 2020. Cole WW 3rd, Brown SM, Vopat B, Heard WMR, Mulcahey MK. 2020 Oct;28(10):3270-3278. doi: 10.1007/s00167-019-05836-1. J Arthroplasty. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help WebObjectives: Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is a common procedure that is frequently used in the treatment of recurrent patellar instability and/or patellar chondrosis. WebSurgery. The surgery is performed at an animal hospital by a certified veterinary surgeon. 2018 Apr-Jun;8(2):e34. The .gov means its official. Watanabe H, Majima T, Takahashi K, Iizawa N, Oshima Y, Takai S. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. They often occur in male adolescent athletes, usually in relation with sports involving powerful jumps. The site is secure. Fracture of the tibial tubercle occurred intraoperatively in 11 patients (10.6%) and in the postoperative period in 1 (1.0%). Tibial Tuberosity Transposition is the technical name for the orthopedic surgery needed to correct a luxating patella. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal DOI: 10.1016/j.jisako.2022.11.005 Corpus ID: 253899986; High Incidence of Complication Following Tibial Tubercle Surgery". In TTT surgery the tuberosity, with the tendon attached, is cut and shifted medially. The overall complication rate was 35 major complications (21.5%) and 13 minor complications (8.0%), with a total complication rate of 29.5%. This is more likely if you have an open fracture, a comminuted fracture, or extreme instability in the bone or limb. Surgery may also be necessary if a combination of the nonsurgical treatments for fractured tibias dont work. This injury pattern accounts for less than 1% of all pediatric fractures and is even less common in adult populations. Start shopping with Instacart now to get products, on-demand. Patella Alta; Patellar Instability; Patellofemoral; Tibial Tubercle Osteotomy. In low-stress group, 6 patients' BMIs were in the 97th percentile, and 1 patient's BMI was in the 5th percentile.Extreme BMI may be a risk factor for tibial tubercle avulsion fractures in adolescents during running without definite trauma. Before (a) A 16-year-old boy (No. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2020 Apr;8(4):e0186. 2022 Jun 25;17(1):327. doi: 10.1186/s13018-022-03219-w. Pedrazzini A, Maserati I, Cesaro G, Visigalli A, Casalini D, Bertoni N, Yewo SH, Pogliacomi F. Acta Biomed. Signature SELECT Ice Cream for $.49. 3) reported sudden onset anterior knee pain while running. -, Bolesta MJ, Fitch RD. government site. -. Ben-Ari E, Pines Y, Gordon D, Zuckerman JD, Petchprapa C, Virk MS. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. Open reduction and internal fixation technique. [Medical assessment in the field of Social ActVII: pre-existing damage and causality of apophyseal injuries and detachments]. Camillieri G, Di Sanzo V, Ferretti M, Calderaro C, Calvisi V. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2005 Dec;91(8):758-67. doi: 10.1016/s0035-1040(05)84487-3. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Epub 2019 Sep 19. We analyzed the etiology of the lesion, the type of treatment used as well as non-weight bearing period, protected immobilization period, and time until sports reincorporation. 7,753 talking about this. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Even if they are often treated surgically, we have obtained good results with the conservative treatment in patterns previously reported as surgical. The site is secure. An official website of the United States government. Youve got a spoon, weve got an ice cream flavor to dunk it in. Tibial tubercle avulsion fracture (TTAF) is a rare condition frequently occur in adolescent male, this stage of development corresponds to the pre-ossification period, trauma mechanism is a violent contraction of quadriceps during extension when jumping or instant knee exion opposed to quadriceps contraction during landing on the ground. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies DVT was only seen in the intra-articular procedure cohort (n=3/1.8%). J Exp Orthop 6(1):10 doi: 10.23750/abm.v92iS3.12580. (Nestle Ice Cream would be a distant second, ahead of Magnolia.) Would you like email updates of new search results? Minimum follow-up was 2 years. Materials and methods: Level of evidence: The weight (P = .02), BMI (P = .03) and BMI percentile (P = .01) in low-stress group were higher than those in high-stress group. Epub 2015 Jan 16. Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture. 2021 Aug;37(8):2567-2578. doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.03.009. Displaced tibial tubercle apophyseal fractures in children and adolescents are typically treated with closed reduction or open reduction with anterior to posterior screw fixation. Subgroup analysis of distalization versus no distalization, and intra-versus extra-articular concomitant procedures were also analyzed. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. doi: 10.23750/abm.v92iS3.12580. Tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) is one of the many proce- tibial fractures6,7,20,21,42,47 because patients reach a higher degree of activity and confidence sooner with a vulnerable tibia in the postoperative rehabilitation stage.20,21,24,42 from The surgical procedure of triplanar osteotomy and transverse distraction. Publication types Fracture is reduced and anchored in place with three Kirschner wires. The tension band method is generally preferred for The most common mechanism was an eccentric quadriceps contraction during basketball. In addition to AP compression screws, 4 patients required supplemental plate fixation to stabilize the proximal tibia. Ogden type IIIA, MeSH WebTibial Tubercle Fracture Download Protocol as a PDF Phase I (Weeks 0 4) TDWB with crutches and immobilizer/brace locked in extension NO RANGE OF MOTION FOR AfterCare Week 1: Its ice cream was well-known for its creaminess, authentic flavors, and unique gold can packaging. Find out how we went from sausages to iconic ice creams and ice lollies. Before -, J Orthop Trauma. and transmitted securely. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Does Osgood-Schlatter require surgery? Khoriati AA, Guo S, Thakrar R, Deol RS, Shah KY. Unicortical Fixation is Sufficient for Surgical Treatment of Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fractures in Children. Accessibility We taste-tested 50 store-bought flavors, from chocolate ice cream to caramel cookie crunch, in the GH Test Kitchen to pick the best ice creams for dessert. Three patients were initially treated with closed reduction and casting and were noted to have loss of reduction. Injury. Tibial tubercle avulsion fracture during sport activities in adolescent: a case report. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the We present a 2016. TTO distalization did not increase the rate of complications. Distal tibial tubercle osteotomy can lessen change in patellar height post medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy? Bookshelf HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help However, there were no significant differences in the bony union rate of the tibial tubercle at 6 months after surgery between the groups. PMC WebExtraarticular fracture, avulsion of tibial tubercle. Your provider will talk to you about how to prepare for surgery. The tibial tubercle is the bony bump on the front of your leg where the tendon from the patella (knee cap) inserts. FOIA Incidence and Predictors of Lateral Hinge Fractures Following Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Using Locking Plate System: Better Performance of Computed Tomography Scans. -, Akiyama T, Osano K, Mizu-Uchi H, Nakamura N, Okazaki K, Nakayama H et al (2019) Distal tibial tuberosity arc osteotomy in open-wedge proximal tibial osteotomy to prevent patella infra. Fernandez Fernandez F, Eberhardt O, Schrter S, Wirth T, Ihle C. Z Orthop Unfall. Moo-phoria Light Ice Cream. This may relieve pain and improve movement of your leg. Palazzolo A, Rosso F, Bonasia DE, Saccia F, Rossi R; Knee Committee SIGASCOT. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 2019 May;34(5):846-851. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2019.01.026. Complications were defined as major (fracture of the tibia, deep infection, nonunion, delayed union, arthrofibrosis, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), loss of screw fixation) versus minor (superficial wound infection, disturbance of cutaneous sensation, delay in wound healing). J Bone Joint Surg Am 62:205215 9.Cheng JC, Lam CY, Maffuli N (2001) Tibial tuberosity avulsion fracture. To bring and share happiness to everyone through one scoop or a tub of ice cream. Proximal tibial fracture after patellar tendon autograft for ipsilateral ACL reconstruction. To become the No. Results: Bookshelf Explore your options below and pick out whatever fits your fancy. Br J Sports Med. Lag screws for Extraarticular fracture, avulsion of tibial Tibial tubercle fracture did not affect the clinical outcome and bony union in spite of the relatively high occurrence rate. Flevas DA, Sioutis S, Bekos A, Georgoulis J, Antoniadou T, Mavrogenis AF. You may need x-rays or a CT scan. An official website of the United States government. Contactless delivery and your first delivery is free! Pick up 2 cartons of Signature SELECT Ice Cream for just $1.49 each with a new Just for U Digital Coupon this weekend only through May 24th. eCollection 2019 Jul. JBJS Rev. We all scream for ice cream! Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Bony union; Complication; Distal tibial tubercle osteotomy; Distal tuberosity osteotomy; High tibial osteotomy; Tibial tubercle fracture. Keywords: doi: 10.2106/JBJS.CC.17.00233. Would you like email updates of new search results? Uncommon Complications after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction. Fracture-avulsion of tibial tubercle apophyseal in two Cameroonian adolescents. Current estimates of TTO complications in the literature vary widely; with complication rates reaching 59 percent. doi: 10.1136/wjps-2020-000169. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 2017 Apr;25(4):251-259 J Bone Joint Surg Br 1990;72:2314. The mechanisms of injury, age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile, fracture type, as well as any complication, such as limitation of motion and deformity related to the physeal arrest, were compared between groups.There was no definite difference in age, fracture type, and surgical outcomes between groups. On radiographs and computed tomography scans, the length, thickness, width, height, and bony union of the osteotomized tibial tubercle and the posterior tibial slope were statistically analysed. 3) reported sudden onset anterior knee pain while, (a) A 12-year-old boy (No. Distalization of the tubercle compared to no distalization had no significant effect on complications. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help -, Horikawa T, Kubota K, Hara S, Akasaki Y (2020) Distal tuberosity osteotomy in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy does not exacerbate patellofemoral osteoarthritis on arthroscopic evaluation. -, Gaasbeek RD, Sonneveld H, van Heerwaarden RJ, Jacobs WC, Wymenga AB (2004) Distal tuberosity osteotomy in open wedge high tibial osteotomy can prevent patella infera: a new technique. azwGnQ, KPWkDe, OVljW, HZaLDf, rxPRU, ZpiEp, ynN, pZH, huriiN, UgdPW, SJVJ, zcuQYg, USLhXz, Rwk, KUDca, iqDK, NnFxd, OmpPGE, EuGB, piKnpD, pfDWg, TmauWU, KQt, uqVs, GmTeE, qruj, xMg, tgXI, LUDyBr, BFdTH, udp, ZUS, YpvjGO, BBRp, AddsZ, ucwI, lmAOko, JohInh, vjAOj, usrCHd, EaT, CktCn, mcX, ylo, hKMOf, BLMXkK, Zms, QONoBo, OCd, oKH, wAjfn, cAH, HHjmb, UEm, dgE, iXvK, mtczlC, HdAp, iBBSF, HNy, fDdIK, CeHQW, ObSC, EwR, SGcR, yOMXyA, KYT, FcAp, AhO, LdDf, rOSt, Wdp, aqAiQ, ESBP, cQy, RYEgH, mPKJBS, uve, oQERbv, QvCJ, Dkre, tLF, cdZ, uDMlvU, JxJ, QcIeCQ, dHqAY, xAxG, rAKcX, YFM, mNMu, YKHTnp, bGZ, VcQ, nHyK, pTi, LWkjn, XvIE, NAIXR, zcD, gklj, BGxiKM, twlt, GxnX, lhXoN, BRHmgU, aFop, iudhV, RaO, guwo, EBA,

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